{"id":1776,"date":"2026-08-19T09:04:26","date_gmt":"2026-08-19T09:04:26","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/jstvalve.com\/?p=1776"},"modified":"2026-08-19T09:04:26","modified_gmt":"2026-08-19T09:04:26","slug":"%d8%b5%d9%85%d8%a7%d9%85%d8%a7%d8%aa-hpal-%d9%84%d9%85%d8%b9%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%ac%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%86%d9%8a%d9%83%d9%84-%d8%a8%d8%ad%d9%85%d8%b6-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%83%d8%a8%d8%b1%d9%8a%d8%aa%d9%8a","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/jstvalve.com\/ar\/%d8%b5%d9%85%d8%a7%d9%85%d8%a7%d8%aa-hpal-%d9%84%d9%85%d8%b9%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%ac%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%86%d9%8a%d9%83%d9%84-%d8%a8%d8%ad%d9%85%d8%b6-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%83%d8%a8%d8%b1%d9%8a%d8%aa%d9%8a\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0623\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u062a\u0639\u0637\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0645\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0635\u0627\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u064a\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629 HPAL: \u062e\u0631\u064a\u0637\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u0639\u0637\u0627\u0644 \u062d\u0645\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062a\u064a\u0643 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0637"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><!-- WORDPRESS TITLE: Why Valves Fail in HPAL Nickel Plants: A Sulfuric Acid & Slurry Failure Map FOCUS KEYWORD: HPAL valves PERMALINK: hpal-valves-sulfuric-acid-nickel-processing SEO TITLE: HPAL Valves: Sulfuric Acid & Slurry Failure Guide META DESCRIPTION: HPAL valves face sulfuric acid corrosion, abrasive slurry, pressure cycling and scaling. See common failure modes and how to select severe-service valve materials. FEATURED IMAGE ALT: HPAL valves for sulfuric acid and nickel processing --><\/p>\n<article style=\"max-width: 1120px; margin: 0 auto; padding: 24px 16px; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; color: #1f2933; line-height: 1.75; font-size: 17px; box-sizing: border-box; overflow-wrap: break-word;\"><!-- HERO --><\/p>\n<section style=\"background: #2b2520; color: #ffffff; border-radius: 16px; padding: 38px 28px; margin: 0 0 30px; border: 2px solid #2b2520;\">\n<p style=\"margin: 0 0 10px; font-size: 14px; letter-spacing: 1px; text-transform: uppercase; color: #f5c77a; font-weight: bold;\">\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0637\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 | \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 HPAL \u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u064a\u0643\u0644<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin: 0 0 18px; font-size: 23px; line-height: 1.45; color: #ffffff; font-weight: bold;\">\u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0637\u0644 \u0635\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062d\u0637\u0629 HPAL\u060c \u0646\u0627\u062f\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f \u201c\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644\u201d.\u201d<br \/>\n\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629\u064b \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0636\u060c \u0648\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0637\u060c \u0648\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0628\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0645\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0639\u064b\u0627.<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin: 0; color: #f3e8d4;\">\u064a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0622\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0639\u0637\u0627\u0644 \u0635\u0645\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a HPAL \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0634\u064a\u0648\u0639\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u064a\u0631\u0628\u0637\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627\u060c \u062b\u0645 \u064a\u0648\u0636\u062d \u0643\u064a\u0641 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0645\u062e\u0635\u0635 \u0644\u0644\u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<div style=\"margin-top: 20px;\"><span style=\"display: inline-block; margin: 4px; padding: 7px 12px; border: 1px solid #ffffff; border-radius: 20px; color: #ffffff; font-size: 14px;\">\u0635\u0645\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a HPAL<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"display: inline-block; margin: 4px; padding: 7px 12px; border: 1px solid #ffffff; border-radius: 20px; color: #ffffff; font-size: 14px;\">\u062d\u0627\u0645\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062a\u064a\u0643<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"display: inline-block; margin: 4px; padding: 7px 12px; border: 1px solid #ffffff; border-radius: 20px; color: #ffffff; font-size: 14px;\">\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0637 \u0643\u0627\u0634\u0637<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"display: inline-block; margin: 4px; padding: 7px 12px; border: 1px solid #ffffff; border-radius: 20px; color: #ffffff; font-size: 14px;\">\u0635\u0645\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0635\u0646\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0633\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0643 \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629<\/span><\/div>\n<\/section>\n<p><!-- QUICK ANSWER --><\/p>\n<section style=\"border: 2px solid #111827; border-radius: 12px; padding: 22px; background: #fffaf2; margin: 28px 0;\">\n<p style=\"font-size: 14px; color: #a44f12; font-weight: bold; text-transform: uppercase; letter-spacing: .6px; margin: 0 0 8px;\">\u0625\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0633\u0631\u064a\u0639\u0629<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-size: 20px; line-height: 1.55; color: #111827; font-weight: bold; margin: 0;\">\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0635\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0648\u0639 HPAL \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0643 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0647\u0627.<br \/>\n\u064a\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0626\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0636\u0627\u062f \u0644\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0633\u0628\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0643\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642\u060c \u0648\u0647\u064a\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0635\u0645\u0645 \u062e\u0635\u064a\u0635\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u064a\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<\/section>\n<p><!-- TOC --><\/p>\n<section style=\"border: 2px solid #111827; border-radius: 12px; padding: 22px; background: #f8fafc; margin: 28px 0;\">\n<h2 style=\"font-size: 26px; color: #0f172a; margin: 0 0 14px;\">\u062e\u0631\u064a\u0637\u0629 \u0623\u0639\u0637\u0627\u0644 \u0635\u0645\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a HPAL<\/h2>\n<ul style=\"margin: 0; padding-left: 22px;\">\n<li><a style=\"color: #0b6b8f; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;\" href=\"#why-now\">\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0630\u0627 \u062a\u0632\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0635\u0645\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a HPAL \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 2026<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a style=\"color: #0b6b8f; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;\" href=\"#process-map\">\u0623\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0623\u0639\u0637\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0645\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 HPAL<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a style=\"color: #0b6b8f; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;\" href=\"#failure-one\">\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644: \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0636\u064a<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a style=\"color: #0b6b8f; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;\" href=\"#failure-two\">\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0644 \u0631\u0642\u0645 2: \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062a\u062c \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0637<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a style=\"color: #0b6b8f; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;\" href=\"#failure-three\">\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0644 \u0631\u0642\u0645 3: \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u062f\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062d\u0634\u0627\u0631<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a style=\"color: #0b6b8f; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;\" href=\"#failure-four\">\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0644 \u0631\u0642\u0645 4: \u062a\u0633\u0631\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0639\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0648\u062f<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a style=\"color: #0b6b8f; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;\" href=\"#material-map\">\u062e\u0631\u064a\u0637\u0629 \u062a\u0631\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a style=\"color: #0b6b8f; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;\" href=\"#valve-type-map\">\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u061f<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a style=\"color: #0b6b8f; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;\" href=\"#procurement\">\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629 \u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0639\u0631\u0648\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0639\u0627\u0631 \u0644\u0635\u0645\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a HPAL<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a style=\"color: #0b6b8f; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;\" href=\"#jst-products\">\u062d\u0644\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0645\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 JST \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0642\u0629<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a style=\"color: #0b6b8f; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;\" href=\"#faq\">\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639\u0629<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/section>\n<p><!-- INTRO --><\/p>\n<p>\u064a\u064f\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0634\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0636\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0648\u0645\u064a\u062a\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u0645\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629.<br \/>\n\u0642\u062f \u064a\u0634\u062a\u0645\u0644 \u062e\u0637 \u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0632\u064a\u062c \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u0645\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062a\u064a\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u062e\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0637 \u064a\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u064a\u0643\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0633\u064a\u0628.<\/p>\n<p>\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062c \u064a\u0641\u0633\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0646 <strong>\u0635\u0645\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a HPAL<\/strong> \u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u0639\u0637\u0644 \u0628\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u062a\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0645\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629.<br \/>\n\u0642\u062f \u062a\u0641\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062c\u062a\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0636\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0643\u0646 \u0633\u0637\u062d\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0639 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0631\u0628 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0645\u0631\u0648\u0631 \u062c\u0633\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0635\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0643\u0627\u0634\u0637\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627.<br \/>\n\u0642\u062f \u064a\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u0648\u062f \u0628\u0642\u0637\u0639 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0635\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0635\u0639\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0645 \u0631\u0648\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0633 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0639\u062f.<\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0643\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u0630\u0643\u0631 \u201c\u0635\u0645\u0627\u0645 SS316\u201d \u0623\u0648 \u201c\u0635\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0647\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0644\u0648\u064a\u201d \u0623\u0648 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u201c\u0635\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0643\u0629 \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629\u201d \u0623\u0645\u0631\u0627\u064b \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0643\u0627\u0641\u064d.<br \/>\n\u064a\u062a\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0622\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0634\u0644 \u0623\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064b\u060c \u062b\u0645 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0647\u064a\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u064b\u0627.<\/p>\n<div style=\"border: 2px solid #111827; border-left: 8px solid #b45309; background: #fffbeb; border-radius: 10px; padding: 20px; margin: 28px 0;\"><strong>\u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0637\u0627\u0644:<\/strong> \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u062f\u0629 \u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0635\u0645\u0627\u0645 HPAL \u0642\u0635\u064a\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0624\u0627\u0644 \u0639\u0646 \u0623\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0643 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629.<br \/>\n\u0627\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0624\u0627\u0644 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062d\u062f\u062b \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0641: \u062c\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0643\u0644\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0639\u062f\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0635\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0630\u0639\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0634\u0648\u0629\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0633\u0637\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0629\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0628\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062c\u0647 \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0628.<\/div>\n<p><!-- HOT TOPIC --><\/p>\n<h2 id=\"why-now\" style=\"font-size: 30px; line-height: 1.3; color: #0f172a; margin: 42px 0 16px;\">\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0630\u0627 \u062a\u0632\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0635\u0645\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a HPAL \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 2026<\/h2>\n<p>\u0623\u0635\u0628\u062d\u062a \u0625\u0646\u062f\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0627 \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064b\u0627 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u064b\u0651\u0627 \u0644\u062a\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u064a\u0643\u0644 \u0648\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0637\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0639\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a.<br \/>\n\u062a\u0632\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629 HPAL \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0646\u064a\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0631\u064a\u062a\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0633\u064a\u0637\u0629 \u062a\u064f\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0644 \u0644\u0627\u062d\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u0648\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0637\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a.<\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u060c \u0623\u0635\u0628\u062d\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0643\u062b\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0645\u0627\u0636 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0648\u0636\u0648\u062d\u064b\u0627.<br \/>\n\u0623\u062f\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0636\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0634\u0647\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0648\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 2026 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u0631\u0636 \u0636\u063a\u0648\u0637 \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u064a\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062f\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0644\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062a \u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064a \u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u062d\u0627\u0645\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062a\u064a\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062a\u0633\u062a\u0647\u0644\u0643\u0647 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629 HPAL.<\/p>\n<p>\u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0639 \u062a\u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0636\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u062a\u0633\u0631\u0628 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0647 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0631 \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0639\u062f \u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f \u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u0635\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637\u0629.<br \/>\n\u0648\u064a\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u062c\u0632\u0621\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0641 \u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0646\u0639.<\/p>\n<p>\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0639 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062e\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639 \u0641\u064a<br \/>\n<a style=\"color: #0b6b8f; font-weight: bold;\" href=\"https:\/\/www.iea.org\/reports\/global-critical-minerals-outlook-2026\/executive-summary\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0643\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 (IEA) \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 2026<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><!-- PROCESS MAP --><\/p>\n<h2 id=\"process-map\" style=\"font-size: 30px; line-height: 1.3; color: #0f172a; margin: 42px 0 16px;\">\u0623\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0623\u0639\u0637\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0645\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 HPAL<\/h2>\n<p>\u062a\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0645\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0622\u062e\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629.<br \/>\n\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0642\u0646 \u062d\u0645\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062a\u064a\u0643 \u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0622\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0637\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u062e\u0637 \u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0637 \u0623\u0648 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u062a\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0627\u0633\u0628.<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-size: 14px; color: #475569; margin: 18px 0 8px;\">\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u062a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u062d\u064a\u0629: \u0645\u0631\u0631\u0648\u0627 \u0625\u0635\u0628\u0639\u0643\u0645 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0633\u0627\u0631 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644.<\/p>\n<div style=\"width: 100%; max-width: 100%; overflow-x: auto; -webkit-overflow-scrolling: touch; margin: 0 0 30px; border: 2px solid #111827; background: #ffffff;\">\n<table style=\"width: 100%; min-width: 980px; border-collapse: collapse; border-spacing: 0; border: 2px solid #111827; background: #ffffff;\" border=\"1\" frame=\"box\" rules=\"all\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"12\">\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"border: 1px solid #111827; background: #47382b; color: #ffffff; text-align: left; padding: 14px;\">\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a<\/th>\n<th style=\"border: 1px solid #111827; background: #47382b; color: #ffffff; text-align: left; padding: 14px;\">\u0648\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c\u064a\u0629<\/th>\n<th style=\"border: 1px solid #111827; background: #47382b; color: #ffffff; text-align: left; padding: 14px;\">\u0645\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a<\/th>\n<th style=\"border: 1px solid #111827; background: #47382b; color: #ffffff; text-align: left; padding: 14px;\">\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646\u0647<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"border: 1px solid #111827; padding: 14px; background: #ffffff; font-weight: bold;\">\u062a\u062e\u0632\u064a\u0646 \/ \u062d\u0642\u0646 \u062d\u0645\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062a\u064a\u0643<\/td>\n<td style=\"border: 1px solid #111827; padding: 14px; background: #ffffff;\">\u062d\u0627\u0645\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062a\u064a\u0643 (H\u2082SO\u2084) \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0641\u0641<\/td>\n<td style=\"border: 1px solid #111827; padding: 14px; background: #ffffff;\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0639\u064a\u060c \u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0639\u062f<\/td>\n<td style=\"border: 1px solid #111827; padding: 14px; background: #ffffff;\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0648\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0641\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0644\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"border: 1px solid #111827; padding: 14px; background: #f8fafc; font-weight: bold;\">\u062a\u063a\u0630\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0637<\/td>\n<td style=\"border: 1px solid #111827; padding: 14px; background: #f8fafc;\">\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0637 \u062e\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0631\u064a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0635\u0644\u0628\u0629<\/td>\n<td style=\"border: 1px solid #111827; padding: 14px; background: #f8fafc;\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644\u060c 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#ffffff;\">\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645\u0646\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644 \u0633\u0637\u062d\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0641\u0634\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0643\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0639\u0629<\/td>\n<td style=\"border: 1px solid #111827; padding: 14px; background: #ffffff;\">\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 P\/T\u060c \u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0645\u0627\u0636\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0628\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u063a\u0644\u0627\u0642<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"border: 1px solid #111827; padding: 14px; background: #f8fafc; font-weight: bold;\">\u0641\u0644\u0627\u0634 \/ \u062a\u062e\u0641\u064a\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637<\/td>\n<td style=\"border: 1px solid #111827; padding: 14px; background: #f8fafc;\">\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0651\u0628 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629<\/td>\n<td style=\"border: 1px solid #111827; padding: 14px; background: #f8fafc;\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0648\u064a\u0641\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062a\u062c \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u062e\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u062c\u0626\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0647\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0632\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0636\u0627\u0621<\/td>\n<td style=\"border: 1px solid #111827; padding: 14px; background: #f8fafc;\">\u0627\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637\u060c \u0648\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0631\u062c\u060c \u0648\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0641\u0642<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"border: 1px solid #111827; padding: 14px; background: #ffffff; font-weight: bold;\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u064a\u064a\u062f<\/td>\n<td style=\"border: 1px solid #111827; padding: 14px; background: #ffffff;\">\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0636\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u062d\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644\u0629<\/td>\n<td style=\"border: 1px solid #111827; padding: 14px; background: #ffffff;\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0633\u064a\u0628\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0646\u0633\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628<\/td>\n<td style=\"border: 1px solid #111827; padding: 14px; background: #ffffff;\">\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0641<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"border: 1px solid #111827; padding: 14px; background: #f8fafc; font-weight: bold;\">MHP \/ \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0644\u0641\u0627\u062a<\/td>\n<td style=\"border: 1px solid #111827; padding: 14px; background: #f8fafc;\">\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0637 \u0643\u062b\u064a\u0641 \u064a\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0635\u0644\u0628\u0629<\/td>\n<td style=\"border: 1px solid #111827; padding: 14px; background: #f8fafc;\">\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644 \u0634\u062f\u064a\u062f\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0625\u063a\u0644\u0627\u0642 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644<\/td>\n<td style=\"border: 1px solid #111827; padding: 14px; background: #f8fafc;\">\u0643\u062b\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0637\u060c \u0648\u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0628\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0631\u062a\u064a\u0628 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0637\u0641<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<p><!-- FAILURE 1 --><\/p>\n<h2 id=\"failure-one\" style=\"font-size: 30px; line-height: 1.3; color: #0f172a; margin: 42px 0 16px;\">\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644: \u201c\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u0645 \u064a\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644\u201d \u2014 \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u064a \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u062d\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0629\u061f<\/h2>\n<p>\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062a\u062c \u0639\u0646 \u062d\u0645\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062a\u064a\u0643 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0647.<br \/>\n\u064a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0648\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0643\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0641\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0639\u064a \u0642\u062f \u064a\u062e\u0644\u0642 \u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0639\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0636 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0645\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u062d\u0642\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0636\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0637\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u0631\u0641\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0637\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062f\u0648\u062f\u0629.<br \/>\n\u0642\u062f \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062a\u0645 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0645\u0646 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644\u0647 \u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0622\u062e\u0631.<\/p>\n<h3 style=\"font-size: 23px; color: #47382b; margin: 28px 0 10px;\">\u0645\u0627\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u062e\u0628\u0631\u0643 \u0633\u0637\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0634\u0644<\/h3>\n<ul style=\"padding-left: 22px; margin: 18px 0;\">\n<li>\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629\u064b \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0642\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0648\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062b \u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644 \u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645.<\/li>\n<li>\u062a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0632\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0648\u0636\u0639\u064a \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u0631\u0633\u0628\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d.<\/li>\n<li>\u0642\u062f \u064a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0639\u062f \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0634\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0645\u0635\u062d\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0628\u0631\u0643\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0636.<\/li>\n<li>\u0642\u062f \u064a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0644\u064a \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644 \u0646\u0627\u062a\u062c \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0628\u062f\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062a.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u201c\u0647\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0644\u0648\u064a\u201d \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0643\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0645\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0634\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641 \u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u00ab\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0645\u0627\u0636\u00bb.<\/p>\n<p><!-- FAILURE 2 --><\/p>\n<h2 id=\"failure-two\" style=\"font-size: 30px; line-height: 1.3; color: #0f172a; margin: 42px 0 16px;\">\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0623 2: \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u064a\u0643\u0629 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0632\u0627\u0644 \u0633\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0639\u062f \u0642\u062f \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0641\u0649<\/h2>\n<p>\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0634\u064a\u0648\u0639\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0635\u0645\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0637: \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0643\u064a.<\/p>\n<p>\u0642\u062f \u062a\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0633\u0631\u064a\u0639 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\u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631.<\/p>\n<div style=\"border: 2px solid #111827; border-radius: 12px; padding: 22px; background: #f8fafc; margin: 28px 0;\">\n<p style=\"font-size: 14px; color: #a44f12; font-weight: bold; text-transform: uppercase; margin: 0 0 8px;\">\u062a\u0634\u062e\u064a\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin: 0; font-weight: bold;\">\u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0647\u064a\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0632\u0627\u0644 \u064a\u0628\u062f\u0648 \u0633\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0639\u062f \u0623\u0648 \u062d\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0635 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0648\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0641\u0642 \u0642\u062f \u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636 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\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0634\u0637\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0625\u064a\u0642\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644\u061f<\/li>\n<li>\u0647\u0644 \u064a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0643 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0639\u062f \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644\u061f<\/li>\n<li>\u0647\u0644 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062a\u0633\u0631\u0628 \u0628\u0642\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0642 \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0628\u0626\u0629\u061f<\/li>\n<li>\u0647\u0644 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0635\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0625\u0632\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0628\u0648\u0628\u061f<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u0642\u062f \u064a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0628\u064a \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0641 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u0648\u0627\u0626\u062f \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0643\u0644 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0647\u0627.<\/p>\n<p><!-- FAILURE 4 --><\/p>\n<h2 id=\"failure-four\" style=\"font-size: 30px; line-height: 1.3; color: #0f172a; margin: 42px 0 16px;\">\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0644 \u0631\u0642\u0645 4: \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0623\u0636\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0643\u0644\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u064a\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u062d\u0645\u0636 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0642<\/h2>\n<p>\u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u0645 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0634\u0648\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0633\u0637\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0648\u062f\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0634\u063a\u0644.<\/p>\n<p>\u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0634\u0648 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0634\u0648 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0647 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0647 \u062a\u0639\u0648\u064a\u0636 \u0623\u064a \u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0648\u062f \u0623\u0648 \u0633\u0648\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0630\u0627\u0629.<br \/>\n\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0645\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0631\u060c \u064a\u0646\u0628\u063a\u064a \u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0633\u0637\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0648\u062f \u0648\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0634\u0648\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u064b\u0627.<\/p>\n<p>\u0641\u064a \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0645\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0634\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629\u060c \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0639\u0627\u0631\u060c \u0628\u062f\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0643\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u201c\u0635\u0641\u0631 \u062a\u0633\u0631\u0628\u201d.\u201d<\/p>\n<p><!-- MATERIAL MAP --><\/p>\n<h2 id=\"material-map\" style=\"font-size: 30px; line-height: 1.3; color: #0f172a; margin: 42px 0 16px;\">\u062e\u0631\u064a\u0637\u0629 \u062a\u0631\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0635\u0645\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a HPAL<\/h2>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0623\u062f\u0646\u0627\u0647 \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0645\u062e\u0637\u0637\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0646\u0628\u063a\u064a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u0643\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f.<br \/>\n\u0625\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0648\u0636\u062d \u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0635\u0645\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a JST.<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-size: 14px; color: #475569; margin: 18px 0 8px;\">\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u062a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u062d\u064a\u0629: \u0645\u0631\u0631\u0648\u0627 \u0625\u0635\u0628\u0639\u0643\u0645 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0633\u0627\u0631 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644.<\/p>\n<div style=\"width: 100%; max-width: 100%; overflow-x: auto; -webkit-overflow-scrolling: touch; margin: 0 0 30px; border: 2px solid #111827; background: #ffffff;\">\n<table style=\"width: 100%; min-width: 980px; border-collapse: collapse; border-spacing: 0; border: 2px solid #111827; background: #ffffff;\" border=\"1\" frame=\"box\" rules=\"all\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"12\">\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"border: 1px solid #111827; background: #47382b; color: #ffffff; text-align: left; padding: 14px;\">\u0641\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f<\/th>\n<th style=\"border: 1px solid #111827; background: #47382b; color: #ffffff; text-align: left; padding: 14px;\">\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0623\u062e\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u0648\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631<\/th>\n<th style=\"border: 1px solid #111827; background: #47382b; color: #ffffff; text-align: left; padding: 14px;\">\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0645\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629<\/th>\n<th style=\"border: 1px solid #111827; background: #47382b; color: #ffffff; text-align: left; padding: 14px;\">\u0644\u0627 \u062a\u062e\u062a\u0631 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"border: 1px solid #111827; padding: 14px; background: #ffffff; font-weight: bold;\">\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0623 316 \/ 316L<\/td>\n<td style=\"border: 1px solid #111827; padding: 14px; background: #ffffff;\">\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645<\/td>\n<td style=\"border: 1px solid #111827; padding: 14px; background: #ffffff;\">\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0631\u0629<\/td>\n<td style=\"border: 1px solid #111827; padding: 14px; background: #ffffff;\">\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0636\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0648\u0631\u064a\u062f\u060c \u0648\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0628\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"border: 1px solid #111827; padding: 14px; background: #f8fafc; font-weight: bold;\">\u062f\u0648\u0628\u0644\u0643\u0633 \/ \u0633\u0648\u0628\u0631 \u062f\u0648\u0628\u0644\u0643\u0633<\/td>\n<td style=\"border: 1px solid #111827; padding: 14px; background: #f8fafc;\">\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0648\u0631\u064a\u062f<\/td>\n<td style=\"border: 1px solid #111827; padding: 14px; background: #f8fafc;\">\u0623\u0642\u0633\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0633\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0648\u0631\u064a\u062f\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0642\u0633\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629<\/td>\n<td style=\"border: 1px solid #111827; padding: 14px; background: #f8fafc;\">\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0645\u0627\u0636 \u0648\u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"border: 1px solid #111827; padding: 14px; background: #ffffff; font-weight: bold;\">\u0647\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0644\u0648\u064a<\/td>\n<td style=\"border: 1px solid #111827; padding: 14px; background: #ffffff;\">\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<td style=\"border: 1px solid #111827; padding: 14px; background: #ffffff;\">\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0636\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0637<\/td>\n<td style=\"border: 1px solid #111827; padding: 14px; background: #ffffff;\">\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0644\/\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0633\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0628\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"border: 1px solid #111827; padding: 14px; background: #f8fafc; font-weight: bold;\">\u062a\u064a\u062a\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0645<\/td>\n<td style=\"border: 1px solid #111827; padding: 14px; background: #f8fafc;\">\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0632 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0648\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0643\u0633\u062f\u0629<\/td>\n<td style=\"border: 1px solid #111827; padding: 14px; background: #f8fafc;\">\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u063a\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0648\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0623\u0648 \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629<\/td>\n<td style=\"border: 1px solid #111827; padding: 14px; background: #f8fafc;\">\u0627\u0644\u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u062d\u0645\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062a\u064a\u0643 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0632\u0644\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"border: 1px solid #111827; padding: 14px; background: #ffffff; font-weight: bold;\">\u0627\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0643\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0645<\/td>\n<td style=\"border: 1px solid #111827; padding: 14px; background: #ffffff;\">\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0645\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629<\/td>\n<td style=\"border: 1px solid #111827; padding: 14px; background: #ffffff;\">\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0637 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u062d\u0645\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u0635\u064a\u0631\u064b\u0627<\/td>\n<td style=\"border: 1px solid #111827; padding: 14px; background: #ffffff;\">\u062a\u0644\u0648\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0648\u0631\u064a\u062f\u060c \u0648\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"border: 1px solid #111827; padding: 14px; background: #f8fafc; font-weight: bold;\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0645<\/td>\n<td style=\"border: 1px solid #111827; padding: 14px; background: #f8fafc;\">\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<td style=\"border: 1px solid #111827; padding: 14px; background: #f8fafc;\">\u0635\u0645\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0645\u0627\u0636 \u0634\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0639\u064a \u0639\u0645\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629<\/td>\n<td style=\"border: 1px solid #111827; padding: 14px; background: #f8fafc;\">\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0637\u060c \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"border: 1px solid #111827; padding: 14px; background: #ffffff; font-weight: bold;\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0632\u0641\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<td style=\"border: 1px solid #111827; padding: 14px; background: #ffffff;\">\u0635\u0644\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644<\/td>\n<td style=\"border: 1px solid #111827; padding: 14px; background: #ffffff;\">\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0637\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0645\u0627\u062f\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0644\u0641\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644<\/td>\n<td style=\"border: 1px solid #111827; padding: 14px; background: #ffffff;\">\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0643\u064a<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"border: 2px solid #111827; border-left: 8px solid #0e7490; background: #ecfeff; border-radius: 10px; padding: 20px; margin: 28px 0;\"><strong>\u062a\u062d\u0630\u064a\u0631 \u0628\u0634\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f:<\/strong> \u201c\u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u201d\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644\u201c \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u062a\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u064a\u064b\u0651\u0627 \u201d\u0635\u0645\u0627\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644\u00bb.\u201d<br \/>\n\u0642\u062f \u062a\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0643\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0647\u0638\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0645\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0641\u0634\u0644 \u0633\u0631\u064a\u0639\u064b\u0627 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0647\u0641\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0633\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d \u0644\u0644\u0635\u0645\u0627\u0645.<\/div>\n<p><!-- VALVE TYPE MAP --><\/p>\n<h2 id=\"valve-type-map\" style=\"font-size: 30px; line-height: 1.3; color: #0f172a; margin: 42px 0 16px;\">\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0635\u0645\u0627\u0645 JST \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0647\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0645 HPAL\u061f<\/h2>\n<div style=\"display: grid; grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fit,minmax(245px,1fr)); gap: 18px; margin: 26px 0;\">\n<div style=\"border: 2px solid #111827; border-radius: 12px; padding: 20px; background: #ffffff;\">\n<p style=\"margin: 0 0 6px; color: #a44f12; font-size: 13px; font-weight: bold; text-transform: uppercase;\">\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0632\u0644\u0629<\/p>\n<h3 style=\"font-size: 21px; color: #47382b; margin: 0 0 10px;\">\u0635\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0643\u0631\u0648\u064a \u0645\u0635\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0643\u0629 \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629<\/h3>\n<p style=\"margin: 0;\">\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u062a\u062f\u0641\u0642 \u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u0629 \u0648\u0625\u063a\u0644\u0627\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642\u064b\u0627.<br \/>\n\u064a\u0646\u0628\u063a\u064a \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629 \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0648\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0641 \u0628\u0639\u0646\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0635\u0644\u0628\u0629.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"border: 2px solid #111827; border-radius: 12px; padding: 20px; background: #ffffff;\">\n<p style=\"margin: 0 0 6px; color: #a44f12; font-size: 13px; font-weight: bold; text-transform: uppercase;\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0641\u0642<\/p>\n<h3 style=\"font-size: 21px; color: #47382b; margin: 0 0 10px;\">\u0635\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0629<\/h3>\n<p style=\"margin: 0;\">\u064a\u064f\u0639\u062f \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0645\u0641\u064a\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u062f \u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064a\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0648\u064a\u0641\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0637 \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0639.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"border: 2px solid #111827; border-radius: 12px; padding: 20px; background: #ffffff;\">\n<p style=\"margin: 0 0 6px; color: #a44f12; font-size: 13px; font-weight: bold; text-transform: uppercase;\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0637 \/ \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0627\u0633\u0628<\/p>\n<h3 style=\"font-size: 21px; color: #47382b; margin: 0 0 10px;\">\u0635\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0643\u0628\u0633 \u0645\u0646 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0643\u0629 \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629<\/h3>\n<p style=\"margin: 0;\">\u062e\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u062e\u0635\u0635 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0645\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0628\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0634\u0637\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0645\u0627\u062f\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0644\u0641\u0627\u062a\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u064f\u0639\u062f \u0645\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0643\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u062a\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0645\u0629.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"border: 2px solid #111827; border-radius: 12px; padding: 20px; background: #ffffff;\">\n<p style=\"margin: 0 0 6px; color: #a44f12; font-size: 13px; font-weight: bold; text-transform: uppercase;\">\u0642\u0637\u0631 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631<\/p>\n<h3 style=\"font-size: 21px; color: #47382b; margin: 0 0 10px;\">\u0635\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0641\u0631\u0627\u0634\u0629 \u0645\u0635\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0643\u0629 \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629<\/h3>\n<p style=\"margin: 0;\">\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0645\u062f\u0645\u062c \u064a\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u062d\u062c\u0645\u064b\u0627.<br \/>\n\u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0635\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0648\u062f\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0639\u062f\u060c \u0648\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0637 \u0643\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"border: 2px solid #111827; border-radius: 12px; padding: 20px; background: #ffffff;\">\n<p style=\"margin: 0 0 6px; color: #a44f12; font-size: 13px; font-weight: bold; text-transform: uppercase;\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0643\u0633\u064a<\/p>\n<h3 style=\"font-size: 21px; color: #47382b; margin: 0 0 10px;\">\u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0645\u0627\u0645<\/h3>\n<p style=\"margin: 0;\">\u064a\u062d\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0636\u062e\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629.<br \/>\n\u064a\u0646\u0628\u063a\u064a \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629 \u062f\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u063a\u0644\u0627\u0642 \u0648\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0646\u0649 \u0644\u0645\u0646\u0639 \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0647\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0632\u0627\u062a.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"border: 2px solid #111827; border-radius: 12px; padding: 20px; background: #ffffff;\">\n<p style=\"margin: 0 0 6px; color: #a44f12; font-size: 13px; font-weight: bold; text-transform: uppercase;\">\u062e\u0632\u0627\u0646 \/ \u0645\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644<\/p>\n<h3 style=\"font-size: 21px; color: #47382b; margin: 0 0 10px;\">\u0635\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0631\u064a\u063a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0644\u064a<\/h3>\n<p style=\"margin: 0;\">\u0645\u0641\u064a\u062f \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0635\u0644\u0628\u0629\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u064f\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0648\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u062a\u0629 \u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0646.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p><!-- COST OF FAILURE --><\/p>\n<h2 style=\"font-size: 30px; line-height: 1.3; color: #0f172a; margin: 42px 0 16px;\">\u0642\u062f \u062a\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0645\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u062e\u0635 \u0628\u0646\u062f\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629<\/h2>\n<p>\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0647\u0644 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0633\u0639\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0621.<br \/>\n\u062a\u0639\u062f \u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0634\u0644 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u062a\u0639\u0642\u064a\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0644\u0627\u062d\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0634\u0643\u0644 \u062a\u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062e\u0633\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0637\u0641\u060c \u0648\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0642\u0637\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u064a\u0627\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644.<\/p>\n<p>\u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0628\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0635\u0639\u0628\u0629 \u0641\u064a HPAL\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a \u0645\u0641\u064a\u062f\u0629:<\/p>\n<div style=\"padding: 18px 20px; border: 2px solid #111827; background: #fff1f2; border-radius: 10px; margin: 20px 0;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u00ab\u0623\u00bb = X \u062f\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0631 \u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u00ab\u0628\u00bb = Y \u062f\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0631 \u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a<\/strong><\/div>\n<p>\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0647\u064a:<\/p>\n<div style=\"padding: 18px 20px; border: 2px solid #111827; background: #ecfdf5; border-radius: 10px; margin: 20px 0;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628 + \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0639 + \u0648\u062a\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0629 + \u0645\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c<\/strong><\/div>\n<p>\u0648\u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0628\u0631\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0643\u0629 \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u062a\u0645 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u0646\u0627\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u062d\u0648\u0627\u0641 \u062e\u0632\u0641\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0635\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u062e\u0635\u0635 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<p><!-- PROCUREMENT --><\/p>\n<h2 id=\"procurement\" style=\"font-size: 30px; line-height: 1.3; color: #0f172a; margin: 42px 0 16px;\">\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629 \u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0639\u0631\u0648\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0639\u0627\u0631 (RFQ) \u0644\u0635\u0645\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a HPAL: \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c\u0647 JST \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f<\/h2>\n<p>\u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0633\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u064a\u062f \u0639\u0646 \u0635\u0645\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a HPAL \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0648\u0641\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627.<br \/>\n\u062a\u062a\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0646\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u064a\u064a\u0632 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644 \u0648\u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062a\u062c \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0633\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-size: 14px; color: #475569; margin: 18px 0 8px;\">\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u062a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u062d\u064a\u0629: \u0645\u0631\u0631\u0648\u0627 \u0625\u0635\u0628\u0639\u0643\u0645 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0633\u0627\u0631 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644.<\/p>\n<div style=\"width: 100%; max-width: 100%; overflow-x: auto; -webkit-overflow-scrolling: touch; margin: 0 0 30px; border: 2px solid #111827; background: #ffffff;\">\n<table style=\"width: 100%; min-width: 900px; border-collapse: collapse; border-spacing: 0; border: 2px solid #111827; background: #ffffff;\" border=\"1\" frame=\"box\" rules=\"all\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"12\">\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"border: 1px solid #111827; background: #47382b; color: #ffffff; text-align: left; padding: 14px;\">\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0648\u0628\u0629<\/th>\n<th style=\"border: 1px solid #111827; background: #47382b; color: #ffffff; text-align: left; padding: 14px;\">\u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0646\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a<\/th>\n<th style=\"border: 1px solid #111827; background: #47382b; color: #ffffff; text-align: left; padding: 14px;\">\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0645\u0627\u0645\u061f<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"border: 1px solid #111827; padding: 14px; background: #ffffff; font-weight: bold;\">\u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644\u0629<\/td>\n<td style=\"border: 1px solid #111827; padding: 14px; background: #ffffff;\">\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 H\u2082SO\u2084\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0648\u0631\u064a\u062f\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0628\u060c \u0648\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0629<\/td>\n<td style=\"border: 1px solid #111827; padding: 14px; background: #ffffff;\">\u0622\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0643<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"border: 1px solid #111827; padding: 14px; background: #f8fafc; font-weight: bold;\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0628\u0629<\/td>\n<td style=\"border: 1px solid #111827; padding: 14px; background: #f8fafc;\">\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0632\u0646 %\u060c \u0648\u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0627\u0628\u0629<\/td>\n<td style=\"border: 1px solid #111827; padding: 14px; background: #f8fafc;\">\u064a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0633\u062f\u0627\u062f\u060c \u0648\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0639\u062f<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"border: 1px solid #111827; padding: 14px; background: #ffffff; font-weight: bold;\">\u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637<\/td>\n<td style=\"border: 1px solid #111827; padding: 14px; background: #ffffff;\">\u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u062f\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0636\u0644\u064a<\/td>\n<td style=\"border: 1px solid #111827; padding: 14px; background: #ffffff;\">\u064a\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0645\u0627\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0627\u0631\u060c \u0648\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0639\u062f\u060c \u0648\u0639\u0632\u0645 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u063a\u0644<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"border: 1px solid #111827; padding: 14px; background: #f8fafc; font-weight: bold;\">\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629<\/td>\n<td style=\"border: 1px solid #111827; padding: 14px; background: #f8fafc;\">\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0636\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0628<\/td>\n<td style=\"border: 1px solid #111827; padding: 14px; background: #f8fafc;\">\u064a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0631\u0628\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"border: 1px solid #111827; padding: 14px; background: #ffffff; font-weight: bold;\">\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0641\u0642<\/td>\n<td style=\"border: 1px solid #111827; padding: 14px; background: #ffffff;\">\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0641\u0642\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0627 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0646\u0642 \u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064a\u064b\u0627<\/td>\n<td style=\"border: 1px solid #111827; padding: 14px; background: #ffffff;\">\u064a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0645\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0648\u064a\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u062e\u0631<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"border: 1px solid #111827; padding: 14px; background: #f8fafc; font-weight: bold;\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644<\/td>\n<td style=\"border: 1px solid #111827; padding: 14px; background: #f8fafc;\">\u062a\u0631\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644\/\u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u0642\u0627\u0641\u060c \u0648\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u0627\u0631\u0626\u060c \u0648\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u063a\u0644<\/td>\n<td style=\"border: 1px solid #111827; padding: 14px; background: #f8fafc;\">\u062a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0628\u0626\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0639\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u063a\u0644<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"border: 1px solid #111827; padding: 14px; background: #ffffff; font-weight: bold;\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0641<\/td>\n<td style=\"border: 1px solid #111827; padding: 14px; background: #ffffff;\">\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0637\u0641 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0633\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0637\u0641<\/td>\n<td style=\"border: 1px solid #111827; padding: 14px; background: #ffffff;\">\u064a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0645\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0639 \u0648\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0641<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"border: 1px solid #111827; padding: 14px; background: #f8fafc; font-weight: bold;\">\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a<\/td>\n<td style=\"border: 1px solid #111827; padding: 14px; background: #f8fafc;\">\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0631\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a<\/td>\n<td style=\"border: 1px solid #111827; padding: 14px; background: #f8fafc;\">\u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0639\u0646 \u0622\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0634\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0623\u0633\u0631\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u0648\u0631\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<p><!-- JST PRODUCT SECTION --><\/p>\n<h2 id=\"jst-products\" style=\"font-size: 30px; line-height: 1.3; color: #0f172a; margin: 42px 0 16px;\">\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c\u0627\u062a \u00abJST Valve\u00bb \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0635\u0635\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a (HPAL) \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0629<\/h2>\n<p>\u062a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 JST Valve \u0628\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0645\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0635\u0635\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0646\u0637\u0648\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u062d\u0645\u0627\u0636 \u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0637 \u0643\u0627\u0634\u0637\u060c \u0648\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0639.<br \/>\n\u0628\u062f\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0635\u0631 \u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 HPAL \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u0626\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629 \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0645\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0641\u0642\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0622\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0634\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<h3 style=\"font-size: 23px; color: #47382b; margin: 28px 0 10px;\">\u0635\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0643\u0628\u0633 \u0645\u0646 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0643\u0629 \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629<\/h3>\n<p>\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 JST Valve\u2019s<br \/>\n<a style=\"color: #0b6b8f; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;\" href=\"https:\/\/jstvalve.com\/ar\/product\/%d8%b5%d9%85%d8%a7%d9%85-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d9%83%d8%a8%d8%b3\/\">\u0635\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0643\u0628\u0633 \u0645\u0646 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0643\u0629 \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629<\/a><br \/>\n\u0648\u0647\u064a \u0645\u0635\u0645\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0646\u0637\u0648\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u062d\u0645\u0627\u0636 \u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0637 \u0643\u0627\u0634\u0637\u060c \u0648\u0631\u0645\u0627\u062f\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0642\u0627\u064a\u0627.<br \/>\n\u0648\u064a\u0643\u062a\u0633\u0628 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0639\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0647\u064a\u0627\u0643\u0644 \u0625\u062d\u0643\u0627\u0645 \u0625\u063a\u0644\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0645\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644 \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062c\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0635\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0631\u0629.<\/p>\n<h3 style=\"font-size: 23px; color: #47382b; margin: 28px 0 10px;\">\u0635\u0645\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0647\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0644\u0648\u064a<\/h3>\n<p>\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0646\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u00ab\u0647\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0644\u0648\u064a\u00bb \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0644\u0623\u062d\u0645\u0627\u0636 \u0634\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644 \u0648\u0644\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0637\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u0637\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0648\u0628.<\/p>\n<h3 style=\"font-size: 23px; color: #47382b; margin: 28px 0 10px;\">\u0635\u0645\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0643\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0645<\/h3>\n<p>\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 JST Valve \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0635\u0645\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0643\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0645\u062e\u0635\u0635\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629.<br \/>\n\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0643\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0641\u0636\u0651\u0644 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0645\u0627\u0636 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u062a\u0647 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644\u060c \u0648\u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u0628\u0631\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a:<br \/>\n<a style=\"color: #0b6b8f; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;\" href=\"https:\/\/jstvalve.com\/ar\/product\/%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b5%d9%85%d8%a7%d9%85%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b5%d9%86%d8%a7%d8%b9%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%b5%d9%85%d8%a7%d9%85%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d9%81%d8%b1%d8%a7%d8%b4%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b2%d8%b1%d9%83\/\">\u0635\u0645\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0627\u0634\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0646\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0643\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0645\u0646 JST<\/a>.<\/p>\n<h3 style=\"font-size: 23px; color: #47382b; margin: 28px 0 10px;\">\u0635\u0645\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0645<\/h3>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644 \u062a\u064f\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0634\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u062e\u0627\u0635.<br \/>\n\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 JST Valve \u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0645\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0646\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0628\u0631\u0631 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0645\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a.<\/p>\n<h3 style=\"font-size: 23px; color: #47382b; margin: 28px 0 10px;\">\u0635\u0645\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a\u062a\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0628\u0644\u0643\u0633\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0628\u0631 \u062f\u0648\u0628\u0644\u0643\u0633<\/h3>\n<p>\u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u062e\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0648\u0631\u064a\u062f\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0642\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0636\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0635\u0627\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0648\u0645\u064a\u062a\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u0643\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 JST Valve \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627<br \/>\n<a style=\"color: #0b6b8f; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;\" href=\"https:\/\/jstvalve.com\/ar\/product-category\/%d8%b5%d9%85%d8%a7%d9%85-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%83%d8%b1%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a3%d8%b1%d8%b6%d9%8a%d8%a9\/\">\u0635\u0645\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0643\u0631\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0635\u0646\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0643\u0629 \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629<\/a>,<br \/>\n<a style=\"color: #0b6b8f; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;\" href=\"https:\/\/jstvalve.com\/ar\/product-category\/%d8%b5%d9%85%d8%a7%d9%85-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a8%d9%88%d8%a7%d8%a8%d8%a9\/\">\u0635\u0645\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0648\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u0635\u0646\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0643\u0629 \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629<\/a><br \/>\n\u0648<br \/>\n<a style=\"color: #0b6b8f; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;\" href=\"https:\/\/jstvalve.com\/ar\/product-category\/%d8%b5%d9%85%d8%a7%d9%85-%d9%81%d8%ad%d8%b5\/\">\u0635\u0645\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0645\u0635\u0646\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0643\u0629 \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><!-- CTA --><\/p>\n<section style=\"background: #2b2520; color: #ffffff; border-radius: 16px; padding: 30px 24px; margin: 42px 0 28px; border: 2px solid #111827;\">\n<p style=\"margin: 0 0 8px; color: #f5c77a; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; text-transform: uppercase;\">\u0647\u0644 \u062a\u0639\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0635\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0637\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0631\u061f<\/p>\n<h2 style=\"color: #ffffff; font-size: 28px; line-height: 1.3; margin: 0 0 14px;\">\u0623\u0631\u0633\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 JST Valve \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0637\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0644\u064a\u0633 \u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0641\u062d\u0633\u0628<\/h2>\n<p style=\"color: #f3e8d4; margin: 0 0 14px;\">\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a HPAL \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0648\u0645\u064a\u062a\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0629\u060c \u064a\u0631\u062c\u0649 \u0625\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0646 \u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u062d\u0645\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062a\u064a\u0643\u060c \u0648\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637\u060c \u0648\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0628\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0637\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a.<\/p>\n<p style=\"color: #f3e8d4; margin: 0 0 20px;\">\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a \u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0645\u0627 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0626\u064a\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0633\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0643\u0627\u0645\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0632\u064a\u062c\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0645\u0627\u0645.<\/p>\n<p><a style=\"display: inline-block; background: #d97706; color: #ffffff; text-decoration: none; padding: 13px 22px; border: 1px solid #ffffff; border-radius: 24px; font-weight: bold;\" href=\"https:\/\/jstvalve.com\/ar\/%d8%a8%d9%8a%d8%a7%d9%86%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a7%d8%aa%d8%b5%d8%a7%d9%84-%d8%a8%d8%b4%d8%b1%d9%83%d8%a9-%d8%aa%d8%b5%d9%86%d9%8a%d8%b9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b5%d9%85%d8%a7%d9%85%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d8%a7\/\"><br \/>\n\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0644\u0635\u0645\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0642<br \/>\n<\/a><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<p><!-- CONCLUSION --><\/p>\n<h2 style=\"font-size: 30px; line-height: 1.3; color: #0f172a; margin: 42px 0 16px;\">\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629: \u062a\u0634\u062e\u064a\u0635 \u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0634\u0644 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u064a\u0643\u0629<\/h2>\n<p>\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0635\u0645\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a HPAL \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0637\u0639 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0643\u064a.<br \/>\n\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u062d\u0645\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062a\u064a\u0643 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0637 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062f\u0645\u0631 \u0633\u0637\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0643\u0627\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0642\u062f \u062a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0646\u0633\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0642\u062f \u062a\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0634\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0639.<\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u0644\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0628\u060c \u062a\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062c\u062d\u0629 \u0644\u0635\u0645\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a HPAL \u0628\u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u062f\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u0641\u064a \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u0637\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644\u060c \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a.<br \/>\n\u0625\u0630\u0627 \u062d\u062f\u062b \u0639\u0637\u0644 \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644\u060c \u0641\u064a\u062c\u0628 \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a \u0648\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644.<br \/>\n\u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0634\u0644 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0633\u0628\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0641\u0642\u0645 \u0628\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u062a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0637\u0641.<br \/>\n\u0641\u064a \u062d\u0627\u0644 \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062b \u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0622\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0622\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u064a\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0645\u062e\u0635\u0635 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0628\u062f\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629.<\/p>\n<p><!-- FAQ --><\/p>\n<section id=\"faq\" style=\"border-top: 2px solid #111827; padding-top: 24px; margin-top: 36px;\">\n<h2 style=\"font-size: 30px; line-height: 1.3; color: #0f172a; margin: 0 0 18px;\">\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639\u0629: \u0635\u0645\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a HPAL<\/h2>\n<div style=\"border: 2px solid #111827; border-radius: 10px; padding: 17px; margin-bottom: 13px; background: #ffffff;\">\n<h3 style=\"font-size: 20px; color: #47382b; margin: 0 0 8px;\">\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u064a \u0635\u0645\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a HPAL\u061f<\/h3>\n<p style=\"margin: 0;\">\u0635\u0645\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a HPAL \u0647\u064a \u0635\u0645\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u064f\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062d\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0634\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0636\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0644\u0623\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u062a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0628\u062d\u0645\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062a\u064a\u0643\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0637\u060c \u0648\u0645\u062d\u0644\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0634\u064a\u062d\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u064a\u064a\u062f\u060c \u0648\u062e\u0641\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637\u060c 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\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0637\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644\u064a \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"border: 2px solid #111827; border-radius: 10px; padding: 17px; margin-bottom: 13px; background: #ffffff;\">\n<h3 style=\"font-size: 20px; color: #47382b; margin: 0 0 8px;\">\u0647\u0644 \u064a\u064f\u0639\u062f \u00ab\u0647\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0644\u0648\u064a\u00bb \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0635\u0645\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0645\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062a\u064a\u0643\u061f<\/h3>\n<p style=\"margin: 0;\">\u0644\u0627. \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u00ab\u0647\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0644\u0648\u064a\u00bb \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0643 \u0648\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 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\u0639\u0645\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644\u064a\u064b\u0651\u0627 \u0645\u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644\u064b\u0627. \u0648\u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"border: 2px solid #111827; border-radius: 10px; padding: 17px; margin-bottom: 13px; background: #ffffff;\">\n<h3 style=\"font-size: 20px; color: #47382b; margin: 0 0 8px;\">\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0634\u0637\u061f<\/h3>\n<p style=\"margin: 0;\">\u064a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 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\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u063a\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0623\u064a \u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u0639\u0637\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0645\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<p><!-- REFERENCES --><\/p>\n<section style=\"margin: 36px 0 0; padding: 20px; border: 2px solid #111827; background: #f8fafc; border-radius: 10px;\">\n<h2 style=\"font-size: 23px; color: #0f172a; margin: 0 0 12px;\">\u062e\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639<\/h2>\n<p style=\"margin: 0 0 10px;\">\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0639 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0642 \u0623\u0648\u0633\u0639 \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0627\u064b \u0628\u0634\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u064a\u0643\u0644 \u0648\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0644 \u062a\u0648\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0648\u064a\u0629:<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin: 0;\"><a style=\"color: #0b6b8f; font-weight: bold;\" href=\"https:\/\/www.iea.org\/reports\/global-critical-minerals-outlook-2026\/executive-summary\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><br \/>\n\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0643\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u2013 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 2026<br \/>\n<\/a><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<p style=\"margin: 18px 0 0; font-size: 13px; color: #64748b;\">\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638\u0629 \u0641\u0646\u064a\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0647\u064a 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\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639.<\/p>\n<\/article>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0637\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 | \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u064a\u0643\u0644 \u0628\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629 HPAL: \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0637\u0644 \u0635\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0635\u0646\u0639 \u064a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629 HPAL\u060c \u0646\u0627\u062f\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f \u201c\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644\u201d. \u0641\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629\u064b \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0631 \u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0636\u060c 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